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Arterial thrombosis
Transplant renal artery thrombosis is a rare complication (prevalence 0.5-3.5%). Usually, it is a consequence of a technical error during the anastomosis.
Venous thrombosis
Transplant renal vein thrombosis is an early complication (prevalence 0.5-4%) and one of the most important causes of graft loss during the first post-operative month. The aetiology includes technical errors and/or difficulties during surgery and the hypercoagulative state of the recipient.
Transplant renal artery stenosis
The incidence of transplant renal artery stenosis is 1-25%. Risk factors include small caliber and atherosclerosis of the donor artery, trauma to donor artery at procurement, absence of arterial patch, suturing technique (interrupted vs. continuous), and damage to the iliac artery during transplantation. It is more common at the site of the anastomosis.
